Updates

Suggested CVC insertion lengths for infants have been added to the CVC insertion technique page based on a recently published study of radiological venous anatomy.

The segment on priapism on the Other urogenital problems page has been extensively revised and updated to better reflect the differences between ischaemic and non ischaemic priapism.

An additional 5 MCQs have been added to the Intubation quiz to bring the total number of questions to 20.

Age related normal value ranges for HCO3- and base excess have been added to the Blood gas analysis page.

The normal percentages of HbF at various ages have been added to the Haemoglobinopathies page.

A brief segment about the pronator quadratus fat pad sign has been added to the Distal forearm injuries page.

A small segment outlining the risk factors for antibiotic resistant pneumonia has been added to the Pneumonia management page.

The TVUS features of pregnancy failure have been updated on the Miscarriage page following a recent NEJM article on the subject.

A small segment on oral calcium supplements has been added to the Calcium page.

The topic of isolation precautions in the Infection control page has been substantially revised and updated, including an expanded section on standard precautions and a link to the CDC recommendations for the type of isolation precautions required for specific diseases.

The page Airway management in poisoning and asthma has been substantially modified and renamed Airway management of poisoning or critical hypoxia to cover management of critical hypoxia of any cause.

Information about the factors affecting oxygen delivery, regarding oxygen extraction and tissue blood flow has been added to the Pathophysiology of shock page and the clinical relevance of this information has been described in the Management of shock page.

Some details on the much publicised, but mostly unhelpful Ottawa SAH rule has been added to the Subarachnoid haemorrhage page.

The section on TEG in the Coagulation testing page has been revised and updated.

The Management of PE , Heparin  and Deep venous thrombosis pages have been updated with additional information about the dosing of enoxaparin in extremes of body weight and renal impairment.

A small segment on disposition of patients following paracetamol ingestion has been added to the Paracetamol  page.

The Reversal of anti-coagulation page has been extensively revised to incorporate the latest Australasian Society of Thrombosis and Haemostasis guidelines.

Details of the HAS BLED score for predicting haemorrhage in patients on warfarin therapy has been added to the Warfarin page.

Details about the CHA2dS2VASc score for predicting the risk of stroke in AF has been added to the Stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation/flutter page and other updates to this section have also occurred.