How to ask for consent
A detailed guide on how to ask for consent has been added to the Consent page.
Clinical skills
Communication
The Communication page has been updated, including additional information about overcoming barriers to communication. If you only ever read one page of the manual, read this one.
Approach to medical imaging
The General approach to medical imaging page has been updated with mostly changes to improve wording and clarity.
Iodinated contrast allergy
The Intravenous contrast page has been updated with some additional information about factors that do not increase the risk of contrast allergy.
ECG changes in hypokalaemia
The Ion effects on the ECG and Hypokalaemia pages have been updated with new information about ECG changes in hypokalaemia.
Euthanasia
The Extent of medical treatment page has had a few touch ups, including a short segment on euthanasia.
Hyperkalaemia
The Hyperkalaemia page has had an update, including the most common contributors in ED patients.
Discussing appropriate treatment
The Extent of medical treatment page has been revised with a substantially updated segment on substituted decision making.
Hypercalcaemia
The Hypercalcaemia page has been updated with mostly changes to improve clarity.
Calcium
The Calcium page has been updated, including some reorganisation and rewording to improve clarity.
Disclosing error
The Patient safety page has been updated with some additional information about how to disclose error following a patient safety incident.
Venous HCO3 is higher than arterial HCO3 – correction
The Blood gas analysis page has been corrected to indicate that venous HCO3 is higher than arterial HCO3 (by about 1.7 mmol/L) – this was incorrect on one part of the page and correct in another.
Serum lactate and Hartmann’s administration
The Metabolic acidosis page has been updated with some additional information about how large volumes of Hartmann’s solution may contribute to lactic acidosis. Zitek, T, Skaggs, ZD, Rahbar, A, et al. Does Intravenous Lactated Ringer’s Solution Raise Serum Lactate? J Emerg Med 2018
Lactic acidosis
The Metabolic acidosis page has been updated with some additional causes of lactic acidosis.
Patterns of LFT abnormality table
The table of patterns of LFT abnormality on the Liver function tests page has been extensively revised and updated.
AST/ALT ratio and LDH
The Liver function tests page has been updated with some additional information about the AST/ALT ratio and causes of LDH elevation.
Low volume blood tubes
Some additional information about low volume blood tubes in adults has been added to the Specimen collection page.
Prioritisation and decision making domain assessment criteria
The Clinical decision making page has been updated to include the ACEM prioritisation and decision making domain assessment criteria used in the clinical exam. The behaviours described make for good decision making in clinical practice.
Teaching ACEM domain assessment criteria
The Medical education page has been updated to include the ACEM scholarship and teaching domain assessment criteria used in the clinical exam. The behaviours described make for good teaching in practice.
Communication ACEM assessment criteria
The Communication page has been updated to include the ACEM communication domain assessment criteria used in the clinical exam. The behaviours described make for good communication in clinical practice.