Resuscitation

Some restructuring of the Suxamethonium page has been done, including some minor revision of its pharmacology.

The Induction agents page has been updated, including some minor changes to the propofol dose in children and the feeling of dissociation associated with ketamine. 

The Syncope page has been revised, including some additional information about the onset of myoclonic jerks and eye deviation.

The Regional anaesthesia page has been updated with changes to the segment on proximal thigh blocks.

The Non invasive ventilation page has been updated, including information about face mask leaks in NIV.

The Intubation equipment page has been updated with some additional information about the use of heat and moisture exchange (HME) filters.

Details about oxycodone and tramadol have been moved from the Opioid agonists page in the Toxicology section and amalgamated with the existing information on the Opioids page in the Resuscitation section.

The Opioids page has been updated with additional information about the use of codeine and tramadol in children.

The Induction agents page has been updated including additional information about the increased risk of adverse effects from ketamine when given as an IV bolus.

A variety of minor changes have been made to the Procedural sedation page.

A short segment about procedural sedation has been added to the Ventricular arrhythmias page.

The segment on Supraventricular tachycardia page has been updated and the lack of utility of ‘routine’ ED investigations re-emphasised. Ashok, A, Cabalag, M, Taylor, DM. Usefulness of laboratory and radiological investigations in the management of supraventricular tachycardia. Emerg Med Australas 2017 .

The Pacemakers page has been revised with the contents re-ordered and information about the relative roles of transcutaneous and transvenous pacing added.

The Assessment of intravascular volume page has been updated and a short segment on IJ diameter and fluid responsiveness has been added.

The Opioids page has been updated with information about the very small risk of long term opioid use following an ED visit for pain.

The Syncope page has been revised, particularly the segment on orthostatic hypotension and laboratory investigations.

The Syncope page has been updated to include a small section on near syncope.

The Treatment of hypovolaemia and Clotting factor replacement pages have been updated with information about the use of AB and A group pre-thawed plasma.