Resuscitation

The Central venous catheter insertion technique page has been updated with additional information about the risk of US guided IJV catheter insertion in expert hands. Hourmozdi, JJ, Markin, A, Johnson, B, et al. Routine Chest Radiography Is Not Necessary After Ultrasound-Guided Right Internal Jugular Vein Catheterization. Critical Care Medicine 9000;Publish Ahead of Print. 

The segement on Video laryngoscopy on the Intubation equipment page has been revised to better outline the advantages and disadvantages of video laryngoscopy.

The Adjuncts to transfusion therapy page has been updated with additional information about a variety of haemostatic foams, sprays and dressings.

The segment on Ketamine on the Induction agents page has been revised and some additional information about the effect of ketamine on depression has been added.

The Mechanical cardiovascular support page has been updated with some minor additions to the segment on ECMO.

The Advanced cardiac life support page has been revised to increase the emphasis on the utility of an early second shock in in-hospital cardiac arrest. Bradley, SM, Liu, W, Chan, PS, et al. Defibrillation time intervals and outcomes of cardiac arrest in hospital: retrospective cohort study from Get With The Guidelines-Resuscitation registry. BMJ 2016:i1653.

The Advanced cardiac life support page has been revised to increase the emphasis on the utility of lignocaine or amiodarone in witnessed cardiac arrest. Kudenchuk, PJ, Brown, SP, Daya, M, et al. Amiodarone, Lidocaine, or Placebo in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest. N Engl J Med 2016 .

The Chronic pain page has been updated following the publication of the CDC Guidelines for the use of opioids in chronic pain. Dowell, D, Haegerich, TM, Chou, R. CDC Guideline for Prescribing Opioids for Chronic Pain-United States, 2016. JAMA 2016 .  

A segment on the principles of opioid therapy has been added to the Opioids page, including a table of morphine milligram equivalent doses.

The Assessment of shock page has been updated with a table indicating the approximate mortality rates associated with various degrees of hypotension in the ED.

The Assessment of intravascular volume page has been updated with additional information about pulse wave assessment and CVP measurement in the assessment of hypovolaemia.

The Complications of pacemakers page has been updated indicating that RBBB may still be normal in patients with RV pacing leads.

The Advanced cardiac life support page has been updated with additional information about the technique of performing a perimortem Caesarian section following publication of the article: Parry, R, Asmussen, T, Smith, JE. Perimortem caesarean section. Emerg Med J 2015

The Assessment of sepsis page has been updated with some additional information about the diagnostic accuracy of CRP and PCT. Enguix-Armada, A, Escobar-Conesa, R, La Torre, AG, et al. Usefulness of several biomarkers in the management of septic patients: C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, presepsin and mid-regional pro-adrenomedullin. Clin Chem Lab Med 2016;54(1):163-8.

The Procedural sedation page has been revised and estimated complication rates from ED sedation in adults have been added. Bellolio, MF, Gilani, WI, Barrionuevo, P, et al. Incidence of Adverse Events in Adults Undergoing Procedural Sedation in the Emergency Department: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Academic Emergency Medicine 2016

The Assessment of sepsis page has been revised to include the Third international consensus sepsis definitions published this week in JAMA. Singer, M, Deutschman, CS, Seymour, C, et al. THe third international consensus definitions for sepsis and septic shock (sepsis-3). JAMA 2016;315(8):801-10.  

A small segment on US guided subclavian vein CVC access has been added to the Central venous catheter insertion technique page.

A few additions and changes have been made to the segment on IABP on the Mechanical cardiovascular support page.

A segment on TAPSE and MAPSE has been added to the Cardiac output measurement page.