Urology

The Renal tumours page has been updated, including the addition of a short segment on small (<4cm) renal tumours.

The Loin pain page has been updated and has incorporated the contents of the Other diagnostic procedures page which is, alas, no more. A significant amount of content relating to imaging in loin pain has been moved to the Ureteric calculi page.

The Ureteric calculi page has been updated with information about the role of MRI in diagnosis.

The Ureteric calculi page has been updated with a table indicating the usual range of Hounsfield units for the different types of renal calculi.

The Scrotal emergencies page has been updated with additional information about undescended testes.

The Chronic kidney disease page has been updated with some details on calciphylaxis.

The Ureteric calculi page has been updated, including more definite information regarding the role of tamulosin in ureteric colic.

A few minor updates have been made to the Loin pain page.

Additional techniques for managing difficult urinary catheter insertion have been added to the Urinary catheter insertion page. 

A segment on traumatic catheter removal, including prevention, has been added to the Urinary catheterisation page.

The Priapism page has been updated to include a reduced recommended dose of intra-corporeal phenylephrine. 

The Acute kidney injury page has been revised and updated, including an expanded list of nephrotoxic agents and indications for a renal biopsy.

The Urinary tract infection page in adults has had a number of modifications, including the addition of indications for imaging in UTI.

A new segment on scrotal US has been added to the Scrotal emergencies page.

The Urinary tract infection in adults page has been updated with the recommendation to treat symptoms of UTI with antibiotics, even if the urinary culture is negative.

The Renal tumours page has been updated with information about the lack of need for routine follow up for hyperechoic renal cysts found on US.

The Urinary tract infection in adults page has been updated with some information about the effect of urine concentration on diagnosis of UTI using bedside U/A.

A short segment on complications of UTI has been added to the Urinary tract infection in adults page.

A short segment on emphysematous pyelonephritis has been added to the Urinary tract infection in adults page.